Re: Change Must Happen Before Help Arrives Re: UFO Debunkers: Fascist Capitalists

On Sun, 20 Apr 2008 20:06:13 -0700 (PDT), Sir Arthur CB Wholeflaffers ASA
<science@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:

into the plonker you go

>
>
>www. freedomtofascism. com wrote:
>> On Sun, 20 Apr 2008 12:48:40 -0400, "Timelord"
>> <timelord@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:
>>
>> >Yes it is time to do the real
>> >research and to find the truth.
>>
>> The truth is you can't know the truth ..
>
>GREAT!  TAKE YOUR OWN ADVICE AND GO BUH-BYE!  Again, find something
>ELSE to play with, you may even (although I would bet against it) grow
>as a person.
>
>Molecular substitution produces terahertz switch arrays By R. Colin
>Johnson EE Times
>
>URBANA-CHAMPAIGN, Ill. - Researchers at the University of Illinois
>have developed a method of prepping single-crystal silicon wafers for
>organic molecules, which produce molecular switches with atomic
>precision.
>
>Wafers from existing silicon manufacturing facilities could be used to
>achieve switching arrays running at 100 terahertz, the researchers
>said. By attaching arrays of spinning organic molecules to the surface
>of a standard silicon wafer, the group demonstrated, in principle, how
>to fabricate molecule memories running at THz speeds.
>
>"The organic molecules are only attached where a single hydrogen atom
>was removed, so they spin - some as fast as a 100 trillion times a
>second," said Joseph Lyding, a UI professor of electrical and computer
>engineering and a researcher at the University of Illinois Beckman
>Institute for Advanced Science and Technology. "We're working with
>chemists now who are designing molecules that when attached will act
>like transistors that can switch at 100 trillion times a second," said
>Lyding.
>
>Lyding's group removed individual atoms of hydrogen from finished
>wafers of single crystal silicon, creating "holes" on the silicon
>surface. The holes create a gradient that attracts any free molecules
>that happen to float by.  By exposing the prepped silicon only to
>convenient organic molecules, the surface can be automatically
>populated with arrays of identically spinning memory elements, each
>emulating a transistor that switches each time it spins.
>
>"If this technology takes hold, we will be returning to the mechanical
>memories of yesteryear - because we are really just building a
>mechanical relay, but on a nanotechnology scale. It will be read and
>written to electrically, but the active element is just a very very
>small mechanical device," said Lyding.
>
>The researchers' first step was to remove the heavy oxidation that's
>ordinarily applied to a silicon wafer, thus exposing a perfect silicon
>surface. Then in very high vacuum, Lyding and fellow researchers Mark
>Hersam and Nathan Guisinger passivated the pure silicon surface with
>hydrogen - forming a single-atom-thick layer of hydrogen strongly
>bonded to the silicon.
>
>The next step involved using a scanning tunneling microscope to
>dislodge individual hydrogen atoms to attach the spinning organic
>molecules. The resulting surface was smooth like pure silicon, except
>for holes where the individual hydrogen atoms had been removed. In
>terms of gradients, these holes lure molecules toward their "dangling"
>bonds, spontaneously self-assembling organic molecules, injected in
>gas phase, into atomically precise arrays.
>
>Atom-sized holes
>
>Atomic precision in punching out single-atom-size holes in the
>hydrogen surface was accomplished by a feedback loop from the
>microscope that controlled the tunneling current. When the single
>atomic bond was broken from the selected hydrogen atom, the feedback
>signal instantly cut off the tunneling current to prevent further
>disturbance to the surface. The microscope can also be programmed to
>move to the next atom when a bond is broken, so that lines of hydrogen
>atoms can be removed from the silicon surface.
>
>"We are doing things now like writing two non-parallel lines that get
>closer and closer together - in that way we can gauge just how close
>we can get lines and still have them remain discrete," said Lyding.
>
>In the end, the researchers impress "templates" atop the silicon
>surface by scanning the tunneling microscope in chosen patterns.
>Eventually, they will create arrays of memory or switching elements.
>But for now the group is trying to perfect procedures. So far, they
>have tried attaching three organic molecules: norbornadiene, copper
>phthalocyanine and carbon-60 "buckyballs."
>
>"The advantage of organic molecules is that their ends can be
>functionalized so that they easily interface with either electronic or
>nanoscale mechanical devices," said Lyding. The group cautions that it
>has more work to do to validate its approach before a practical
>circuit design method can be announced.